Math is a built-in object with many useful methods that implement various mathematical functions. Here is a list of more frequently used ones for your reference.
Math.abs(x), Returns the absolute value of x.Math.sign(x), Returns the sign of the x, indicating whether x is positive, negative, or zero.Math.min, Returns the smallest of its arguments.Math.max, Returns the largest of its arguments.Note: min and max take in any number of arguments.
Math.random(), Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1.Math.round(x), Returns the value of the number x rounded to the nearest integer.Math.trunc(x), Returns the integer portion of x, removing any fractional digits.Math.floor(x), Returns the largest integer less than or equal to x.Math.ceil(x), Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to x.Math.fround(x), Returns the nearest single precision float representation of x.Caution: be careful with the negative arguments to functions like ceil and floor.
console.log(Math.ceil(7.004)); // 8
console.log(Math.ceil(-7.004)); // -7
console.log(Math.floor(5.05)); // 5
console.log(Math.floor(-5.05)); // -6Math.pow(x, y), Returns base x to the exponent power y.Math.exp(x), Returns where is the argument, and is Euler’s constant ( , the base of the natural logarithm).Math.log(x), Returns the natural logarithm of x.Math.log2(x), Returns the base-2 logarithm of x.Math.log10(x), Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.Math.sqrt(x), Returns the positive square root of x.There are many useful constants built into Math object as well:
console.log(Math.E); // 2.718281828459045
console.log(Math.PI); // 3.141592653589793
console.log(Math.SQRT2); // 1.4142135623730951
console.log(Math.SQRT1_2); // 0.7071067811865476
console.log(Math.LN10); // 2.302585092994046
console.log(Math.LOG2E); // 1.4426950408889634
console.log(Math.LOG10E); // 0.4342944819032518The Math object includes many other static methods and properties. Please consult the MDN Reference page on Standard built-in Objects -> Math
Caution:
Math functions have a precision that’s implementation-dependent.Math functions do not work with BigInt.